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简介:耐青霉素酶的新青霉素是以6-氨基青霉烷酸为母核,在6位上带有不同侧链的一族半合成青霉素。它们的共同特点是由于侧链的空间阻碍而使结构中的β-内酰胺环不被青霉素酶所破坏,因此对耐青霉素金葡菌有抑制或杀灭作用。国外应用较成熟的有:甲氧苯青霉素(Methicillin)、苯甲异(口恶)唑青霉素(Oxacillin)、乙氧萘青霉素(Nafcillin)、邻氯苯甲异(口恶)唑青霉素(Cloxacillin)和二氯苯甲异(口恶)唑青霉素(Dicloxacillin),分别于1961、1962、1963、1964年应用于临床。以上五种半合成青霉素,我国都已投入生产或试制成功,分别于1963、1963、1966、1970、1970年通过技术鉴定。甲氧苯青霉素的商品名为新青霉素Ⅰ,苯甲异(口恶)唑青霉素商品名为新青霉素Ⅱ,乙氧萘青霉素为新青霉素Ⅲ,二氯苯甲异(口恶)唑青霉素命名为双氯青霉素。
Introduction: Penicillinase-resistant penicillin is a family of semisynthetic penicillins with 6-aminopenicillanic acid as the parent nucleus and a different side chain at position 6. Their common feature is that the β-lactam ring in the structure is not destroyed by the penicillinase due to the space obstruction of the side chain, and therefore, it can inhibit or kill the penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. More mature abroad are: Methicillin, Oxacillin, Nafcillin, Cloxacillin, And Dicloxacillin (Dicloxacillin), respectively, in 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964 for clinical use. More than five semi-synthetic penicillin, China has been put into production or trial success, respectively, in 1963, 1963, 1966, 1970, 1970 through technical appraisal. Methicillin is marketed under the trade names Neopenicillin I, Penicillin II, Penicillin II, Penicillin II and Penicillin III, Dicloxacillin.