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在AP1000核电建设项目,电气焊作业、涂装作业等施工工艺广泛应用液化气体和压缩气体、油漆和稀释剂等危险化学品,这些危险化学品大部分具有燃烧爆炸、影响人员健康等危害特性。通过统计分析,AP1000核电建设项目危险化学品应用过程的典型问题可以归纳为管理缺陷、装置设施缺陷、环境不安全状态和人的不安全行为四方面。导致典型问题出现的原因可归纳为专项管理制度、人员资格和能力、施工区域规划、安全专项投入、风险评估预控、方案和程序执行力六方面。基于危险化学品的危害特性、应用典型问题和原因分析,提出从危险化学品供应商评审、进场许可、验收和储存、使用、废弃物处置、事件应急预案等方面采取相应的管控对策。
In the construction of AP1000 nuclear power projects, electrical welding operations, painting operations and other construction techniques are widely used liquefied gases and compressed gases, paints and thinners and other dangerous chemicals, most of these dangerous chemicals have a burning explosion, affecting health and other hazardous characteristics. Through statistical analysis, typical problems in the application process of hazardous chemicals in AP1000 nuclear power construction projects can be summarized as management defects, installation defects, environmental insecurity and human insecurity. The causes of typical problems can be summed up in six aspects: special management system, personnel qualifications and capabilities, construction area planning, special investment in safety, risk assessment and pre-control, program and program execution. Based on the hazardous characteristics of hazardous chemicals, the application of typical problems and causes analysis, proposed from the hazardous chemicals suppliers review, admission permitting, acceptance and storage, use, waste disposal, emergency response plans and other aspects to take control measures.