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目的了解咸阳地区无偿献血者的梅毒螺旋体感染的现状和易感高危因素,为减少输血传播疾病以及为制定无偿献血招募策略提供科学依据。方法用双抗原夹心酶联免疫吸附法对本市近3年的无偿献血者标本进行梅毒螺旋体抗体初筛,并对初筛阳性的血液标本进行TPPA确证,对确证为阳性的无偿献血者进行调查分析。结果137 880份标本中初筛阳性605份,初筛阳性率为0.44%,TPPA检出阳性350份,阳性率0.25%,阳性率年度差异均有统计学意义;确证阳性的人群中年龄、婚姻、籍贯、学历、职业的分布均有统计学意义。结论梅毒在本地区无偿献血人群中感染率呈低态流行,但有逐年增加趋势;针对性的招募低危献血者,才能有效保障血液安全。
Objective To understand the present status and susceptible risk factors of Treponema pallidum in unpaid blood donors in Xianyang area and to provide scientific evidence for reducing the transmission of blood transfusion diseases and for developing a voluntary blood donation recruitment strategy. Methods Double antigen sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to screen the antibody of syphilis spirochete in the blood samples of unpaid blood donors for nearly 3 years in this Municipality. The positive blood samples were confirmed by TPPA and the positive blood donors were investigated. . Results Among 137 880 samples, 605 positive were positive, the positive rate of primary screening was 0.44%, the positive rate of TPPA was 350, and the positive rate was 0.25%. The positive rate of the positive rate was statistically significant. The age, marriage , Place of origin, education, occupation distribution are statistically significant. Conclusion Syphilis prevalence in the blood donors in the area is low prevalence, but there is a trend of increasing year by year. Targeted recruitment of low-risk blood donors can effectively ensure blood safety.