河南位于神州大地的中心部位,地处黄河中下游,自然条件优美,历史悠久,人文荟萃。历代先民以他们的勤劳和智慧创造了光辉灿烂的文化,在这块中州大地上留下了非常丰富而又珍贵的历史文化瑰宝,文物建筑即是其中非常重要的一部分。河南现存的地上地下文物建筑,不仅类型丰富、数量众多,而且独具特色,不仅在中原地区,就是在全国都占有十分重要的地位。这些地上地下文物建筑瑰宝之中,不少是堪称全国之最或十分罕见的,如郑州西山遗址中发现的距今5000年的城墙,即是现在已知最早的城墙遗 Henan is located in the center of the vast land of China, located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, beautiful natural conditions, a long history and cultural blend. Through their hard work and wisdom, ancient people of all ages have created a glorious culture. On this land of Zhongzhou, they have left a very rich and precious historical and cultural treasures, and the cultural relics building is a very important part of them. The existing underground and underground cultural relics and buildings in Henan are not only rich in type and large in number, but also unique in their own right, not only in the Central Plains region, but also in the entire country. Many of these architectural treasures of aboveground and underground artifacts are among the most or very rare in the country. For example, the city wall dating back to 5000 years found in the site of Xishan Mountain in Zhengzhou is the earliest known wall remnant