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目的 探讨二硝基甲苯 (DNT)对作业工人健康的影响。方法 对某厂DNT作业环境和 81名DNT作业工人 (高浓度组 2 2名和低浓度组 5 9名 )健康状况进行调查。结果 作业场所DNT平均浓度为 (1 6 4± 2 88)mg/m3,TWA浓度为 0 6 7mg/m3,有 2 4 6 9%的样品超标。DNT各组工人RBC、Hb和GST平均值降低 ,赫恩滋小体平均值和异常率、ALT和SDH以及SDH异常率升高 ;高浓度组MHb、Reticulocyte (Ret)异常率升高 ,CuZn SOD下降。与对照组比较差异显著 (P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 ) ,有浓度 反应关系。结论 DNT主要抑制机体抗氧化能力 ,易导致中毒性溶血性贫血 ,可对肝脏产生不良影响。建议作业场所空气中的DNT的MAC为 0 5mg/m3,TWA浓度为 0 3mg/m3。
Objective To investigate the effect of dinitrotoluene (DNT) on workers’ health. Methods The DNT working environment and 81 DNT workers in a factory (22 in high concentration group and 59 in low concentration group) were surveyed. Results The average concentration of DNT in the workplace was (164 ± 2 88) mg / m3, TWA concentration was 0.667 mg / m3, and 2 469% of samples exceeded the standard. The average values of RBC, Hb and GST decreased, the mean and abnormal rate of Hernnor’s body, ALT and SDH and the abnormal rate of SDH increased in DNT group. The abnormal rates of MHb and Reticulocyte (Ret) decline. Compared with the control group, the difference was significant (P <0.01 or P <0.05) with a concentration-dependent relationship. Conclusion DNT mainly inhibits the body’s antioxidant capacity, easily lead to toxic hemolytic anemia, can have a negative impact on the liver. It is recommended that the DNT in the workplace air be 0 5 mg / m3 and the TWA concentration is 0 3 mg / m3.