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马六甲海峡位于马来半岛和苏门达腊岛之间,因临近马来半岛上的马六甲城而得名。海峡狭长,包括新加坡海峡在内,全长1180km,海峡形似喇叭,呈西北—东南向,西北端出口处宽370km,东南端最窄处仅1700m。海峡底部平坦。主航道水深25～113m,由东南向西北递增,载重200000t的巨轮可以通过。马六甲海峡地处赤道附近,属典型热带雨林气候,年均温25～26℃,年较差日较差都很小,年降水量2000～2500mm,不仅全年有雨,几乎天天下雨,故气候温暖湿润。全年大部分时间风平浪静,海流缓慢,适于航行。太平洋和印度洋之间,除马六甲海峡外,还分布着一些海峡,但它们或者水浅多礁,或因位置偏僻,缺乏助航设施;又多位于印度尼西亚的领海之内,国际航线因此很少通过。它就使马六甲海峡在很长时期内实际上成了沟通两大洋的唯一通道,使之无论在经济上还是在战略上都具有极大的重要性。尤其是60年代日本崛起为世界经
The Straits of Malacca, located between the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra Island, is named after the city of Malacca on the Malay Peninsula. The strait is long and narrow, including the Straits of Singapore, which is 1,180km long. The strait is shaped like a horn. It is northwest-southeast, 370km wide at the exit of the northwestern end, and only 1700m at the narrowest point of the southeastern end. The bottom of the channel is flat. The depth of the main channel is 25 to 113m, which increases from the southeast to the northwest. Large wheels with a load of 200,000 tons can pass through. The Straits of Malacca is located near the equator and is a typical tropical rainforest climate. The average annual temperature is 25 to 26°C, and the annual difference is very small. The annual precipitation is 2000 to 2500mm. It is not only rainy throughout the year, but it is almost raining every day. The climate is warm and humid. Most of the year is calm, with slow currents and suitable for navigation. In addition to the Straits of Malacca, there are also some straits between the Pacific and Indian Oceans, but they are either shallow or shallow, or lack navigation aids due to their remote location; many are located within the territorial waters of Indonesia and international routes rarely pass through. . It has made the Straits of Malacca a de facto channel for the communication of the two oceans for a long period of time, making it of great importance both economically and strategically. In particular, the rise of Japan in the 1960s was the world’s