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目的比较正常婴幼儿与先天性重度聋婴幼儿言语前期言语发育的特征及其与言语发育相关的认知发育特征。方法将28例确诊先天性重度聋婴幼儿分为聋A组(11例,8个月以前开始助听)和聋B组(17例,8个月以后开始助听),以18名正常婴幼儿作为对照。通过录音录像的方法对其发声进行声谱分析,并对3组的过渡喃语、标准喃语、手指发声和有意语的出现频率和出现时期进行统计分析。结果过渡喃语的出现频率和出现时期3组间差异无统计学意义;标准喃语、手指发声和有意语的出现频率和出现月龄,正常组明显优于聋A组和聋B组,而聋A组又明显优于聋B组。结论过渡喃语是不受听觉反馈作用的一种发声活动;聋婴幼儿出生后的8个月以内接受早期干预,可获得较好的言语发育。
Objective To compare the characteristics of verbal development in early childhood speech and the cognitive developmental features associated with verbal development in both normal infants and congenital severe deaf infants. Methods Twenty-eight children with congenital severe deafness were divided into two groups: deaf group A (n = 11, hearing aid started eight months ago) and deaf group B (n = 17) Toddlers as a control. Through the method of audio and video recording, the vocal characteristics of the three groups were analyzed by using the spectral analysis, and the frequency of occurrence and the appearance frequency of the transitional murmur, standard murmur, finger vocalization and intelligibility of the three groups were statistically analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in the frequency of occurrence of transitional transcripts and the occurrence time among the three groups. The frequency of occurrence of standard murmur, finger vocalization and intentional speech, and the appearance of moon age were significantly higher in normal group than in deaf group A and deaf group B Deaf group A was significantly better than deaf group B. Conclusion Transitional murmur is a kind of vocal activity that is not affected by auditory feedback. Early deaf infants receive early intervention within 8 months after birth, which can lead to good verbal development.