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目的了解北京海淀区户籍与流动儿童少年家庭食物选购及消费教育状况,为制定相应的干预措施提供依据。方法采用二阶段分层随机整群抽样原则,选取北京海淀区969名中小学生作为研究对象,采用问卷调查法进行调查。结果 25.3%的家长当孩子表现好时给零用钱作为奖励(海淀区户籍儿童少年家长的比例低于流动儿童少年家长,P<0.05),14.1%的家长想到孩子需要就给零用钱,2.3%的家庭中孩子要多少零用钱家长就给多少。76.9%的家庭由母亲经常购买食物,31.8%的儿童少年经常和家长一起购买食物。19.7%的儿童少年经常独立购买食物(海淀区户籍儿童少年的比例低于流动儿童少年,P<0.05)。海淀区户籍和流动儿童少年选购食物时经常考虑的主要因素前四位相同,依次为“是否卫生”、“食物的新鲜度”、“食物的味道”、“食物的品质”。22.5%的儿童少年经常要求家长购买某种食物(海淀区户籍儿童少年的比例高于流动儿童少年,P<0.01)。对于儿童少年购买食物的要求,5.6%的家庭中孩子要什么家长就给买什么(海淀区户籍儿童少年家长的比例高于流动儿童少年家长,P<0.001),14.0%的家庭由家长决定是否购买,但不加任何说明,2.4%的家长一律不准购买。结论海淀区户籍与流动儿童少年家庭在食物选购及消费教育方面存在诸多不合理现象,应积极采取措施对儿童少年及其家长进行干预,改变不合理行为。
Objective To understand the food purchasing and consumption education of juvenile families with permanent residence and migrant children in Haidian District, Beijing, and provide the basis for formulating the corresponding interventions. Methods Two-stage stratified stratified random cluster sampling principle was used to select 969 primary and secondary students in Haidian District of Beijing as the research object, and the questionnaires were used to investigate. Results 25.3% of the parents gave their pocket money as a reward when the children performed well (the proportion of parents of children and adolescents in Haidian was lower than that of the floating children and adolescents, P <0.05), 14.1% of parents thought that their children needed pocket money and 2.3% How much should a child give a penny? 76.9% of families regularly buy food from their mothers and 31.8% of children and teenagers often buy food with their parents. 19.7% of children and adolescents often buy food independently (Haidian District, the proportion of children and adolescents living less than mobile children and adolescents, P <0.05). Haidian District, household and migrant children purchase food often consider the main four factors are the same, followed by “whether health”, “food freshness”, “food taste”, “food Quality ”. 22.5% of children and adolescents often ask their parents to buy certain foods (the proportion of children and adolescents with permanent residence in Haidian is higher than that of floating children and adolescents, P <0.01). For the requirements of children and adolescents to buy food, 5.6% of families should buy what their children would like to buy (Parents’s proportion is higher than that of floating children and adolescents, P <0.001), and 14.0% of families are decided by parents Buy, but without any explanation, 2.4% of parents are not allowed to buy. Conclusion There are many irrational phenomena in the food purchasing and consumer education in Haidian District. Households and migrant children and adolescents should take measures to intervene children and their parents and change unreasonable behavior.