基布兹是以色列国内一种独特的经济实体,其财产和生产资料属成员公有,对内实行“各尽所能,各取所需”的原则。今年6月初,我借赴以色列参加国际学术讨论会之机,在以色列外交部二等秘书阿伦先生的陪同下,驱车来到位于耶路撒冷以西约30多公里处的“楚拉”基布兹,参观了基布兹的生活设施、托儿所、奶牛场、乳制品车间及商店等。基布兹这种社会形式的出现不是偶然的。本世纪初,在犹太复国主义理想的感召下,大批年轻的犹太人开始从世界各地向其心目中的故土——巴勒斯坦地区迁移。对于这些早期犹太移民来说,犹太复国主义的含义不仅仅是指回归“祖国”,而且 Kibbutz is a unique economic entity in Israel. Its property and means of production are members of the public and the principle of “doing what we can and what we need” is implemented internally. At the beginning of June this year, I borrowed Israel to attend the international symposium and drove to the “Chura” Kibbutz, which is about 30 kilometers west of Jerusalem, with Mr. Allen, Second Secretary of Israel’s Foreign Ministry. Visited the kibbutz living facilities, nurseries, dairy farms, dairy workshops and shops. The emergence of the kibbutz social form is not accidental. At the beginning of this century, inspired by the ideals of Zionism, a large number of young Jews began to migrate from all over the world to their homeland, the Palestinian homeland. For these early Jewish immigrants, the meaning of Zionism is not merely the return to the “motherland”, but also