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目前工程界对如何合理确定水电站蜗壳垫层平面铺设范围尚无统一认识。本文采用三维有限元方法,从座环位移变形、座环抗剪性能、机墩结构位移变形、流道结构承受的扭转力比例四个方面讨论了垫层平面铺设范围的确定原则。研究结果表明,若蜗壳结构问题的主要矛盾是座环和机墩位移变形过大,则平面上垫层末端宜设置在蜗壳135°～180°断面之间;但从改善座环抗剪性能和流道结构受力条件的角度来讲,垫层末端宜设置在蜗壳0°～90°断面之间或270°断面之后。考虑到座环抗剪性能和流道结构受力条件可以通过局部的工程措施予以改善,因此应该优先考虑座环和机墩结构的不均匀变形问题,据此确定蜗壳垫层平面铺设范围。
At present, there is no unified understanding on how to determine the plane laying range of volute cushion of hydropower station rationally. In this paper, the three-dimensional finite element method is used to discuss the principle of determining the plane laying range of cushion in terms of the displacement and deformation of seat ring, the shear resistance of seat ring, the displacement and deformation of the pier structure and the torsional force of the runner structure. The results show that if the main contradiction of the volute structure problem is that the displacement of the seat ring and the pier is too large, the end of the plane cushion should be set between the 135 ° ~ 180 ° section of the volute. However, Performance and flow channel structure from the point of view of stress conditions, cushion end should be set in volute 0 ° ~ 90 ° section or 270 ° section after. Considering that the shear resistance of the seat ring and the stress conditions of the flow channel structure can be improved through the local engineering measures, the uneven deformation of the seat ring and the pier structure should be given priority to determine the plane laying range of the volute cushion.