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目的:乳腺癌是发生时一个多因素的过程,其中乳腺癌的遗传易感基因与家族性及早发性乳腺癌密切相关。目前对于遗传性乳腺癌的相关研究很多,现代对于乳腺癌的检测技术的不断提高,使得对于乳腺癌的认知不断加深。特别是乳腺癌全基因组测序技术的应用,使得乳腺癌在基因组层面更加清晰。其中对于遗传性乳腺癌的相关研究非常多,目前我们已知的与乳腺癌遗传性相关的基因主要有BRCA-1和BRCA-2,这是已经被证实及被广泛研究的。本文就国内外对于遗传性乳腺癌的相关研究对于临床意义进行综述如下。
Objective: Breast cancer is a multifactorial process when it occurs. The genetic susceptibility genes of breast cancer are closely related to familial and early-onset breast cancer. At present, there are many related researches on hereditary breast cancer. The continuous improvement of modern detection techniques for breast cancer has deepened the awareness of breast cancer. Especially breast cancer genome-wide sequencing technology, making breast cancer at the genome level more clearly. Among them, there are many related studies on hereditary breast cancer. At present, we have known BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 genes that are mainly related to the genetic inheritance of breast cancer, which have been confirmed and extensively studied. This article on the domestic and international research on hereditary breast cancer for clinical significance are summarized as follows.