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超静定结构具有多余约束会使得结构更加稳定,而静定结构属于无多余约束的几何不变体系。在工程实例中超静定结构运用较多,但这并不表示在所有情况下超静定结构都会比静定结构经济、合理。以两跨连续梁和两跨静定梁为算例,分别求出在均布荷载、温度变化以及支座沉降三个不同工况下两者的变形和内力分布。通过比较和分析可知,任何事物都具有两面性,对温度变化、制造误差以及支座沉降敏感的结构中,采用静定结构比超静定结构更为适合。
Statically indeterminate structures with extra constraints will make the structure more stable, while the statically determinate structure belongs to a geometrically invariant system without extra constraints. Statically indeterminate structures are used more often in engineering examples, but this does not mean that in all cases statically indeterminate structures will be more economical and rational than statics. Taking two span continuous beams and two span static beams as examples, the deformation and internal force distribution of the two beams under three different conditions of uniform load, temperature change and bearing settlement are respectively calculated. Through comparison and analysis, we can see that everything has two sides, and it is more suitable to adopt static structure than statically indeterminate structure in the structure which is sensitive to temperature change, manufacturing error and bearing settlement.