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目的:分析探讨出生缺陷的相关因素及干预效果,为进一步减少出生缺陷的发生、提高出生人口素质提供依据。方法:对苏州市2003～2008年出生缺陷个案进行回顾性调查,将出生缺陷发生率等定量资料进行统计分析,定性资料归纳分析。结果:6年来苏州市出生缺陷发生率从2003年的9.61‰下降到2008年的7.36‰。<20岁及>34岁年龄组妇女分娩缺陷儿的风险明显增加,男胎出生缺陷的发生率明显高于女胎。结论:苏州市出生缺陷干预工程的实施,有效地降低了新生儿出生缺陷的发生率,进一步提高了出生人口素质。在提高产前筛查及诊断、完善二级预防的基础上,应全面开展一级预防,积极开展三级预防。
Objective: To analyze and discuss the related factors of birth defects and the effect of intervention, so as to provide the basis for further reducing birth defects and improving the quality of birth population. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted on cases of birth defects in Suzhou City from 2003 to 2008. The quantitative data such as the incidence of birth defects were statistically analyzed and the qualitative data were analyzed. Results: The incidence of birth defects in Suzhou City dropped from 9.61 ‰ in 2003 to 7.36 ‰ in 2008. Women in their 20s and 34s significantly increased the risk of childbirth defects, and the incidence of birth defects in male fetuses was significantly higher than that of female fetuses. Conclusion: The implementation of Suzhou project of birth defects intervention effectively reduces the incidence of neonatal birth defects and further improves the quality of the birth population. On the basis of improving prenatal screening and diagnosis and perfecting secondary prevention, we should conduct primary prevention comprehensively and actively carry out tertiary prevention.