论文部分内容阅读
纵向来看,我国的消费率持续下降,储蓄率和投资率逐年上升,横向来看,无论是和发达经济体还是新兴市场经济体相比,我国储蓄率均表现出“水平高、增速高”的双高特征。从消费的内部结构来看,我国消费体现出“两快两慢”不平衡的特征:政府消费增长快,居民消费增长慢;城镇居民消费增长快,农村居民消费增长慢。我国消费率较低,储蓄率较高的原因很多。既有收入增速缓慢的现实条件约束,又有“崇俭黜奢”的传统文化影响;既有社会保障不健全所导致的不敢消费,又有收入差距不断拉大所带来的不愿消费。除此之外,我国个人消费信贷体系的相对落后也直接限制了居民消费的能力和消费的意愿。提高消费需求是一项系统性工程,需要从转变思想观念、优化国民收入分配机制、完善社会保障体系、发展个人消费信贷等多方面着手,切实改善消费预期,增强消费能力,实现提升消费意愿的目的。
From a longitudinal perspective, the consumption rate in our country has been declining steadily, and the savings rate and investment rate have been rising year by year. From a horizontal perspective, both the savings rate in our country shows a high level of growth compared with developed and emerging market economies High “double high features. From the perspective of the internal structure of consumption, the consumption of our country reflects the characteristics of ”two fast and two slow“ imbalances: the rapid growth of government consumption and the slow growth of household consumption; the rapid growth of urban residents ’consumption and the slow growth of rural residents’ consumption. There are many reasons why the consumption rate in our country is lower and the savings rate is higher. Both the current conditions of the slow growth of revenue constraints, but also ”Chong Jian Dao extravagant " traditional culture impact; not only caused by the unsound social security can not afford to spend, but also widened the income gap brought about by Unwilling to spend. In addition, the relative backwardness of China’s personal consumer credit system also directly limits the residents’ ability to consume and their willingness to spend. To improve consumer demand is a systematic project. We need to start with changing our thinking, optimizing the mechanism of national income distribution, improving the social security system, and developing personal consumer credit. We must earnestly improve consumer expectations, enhance consumer spending, and increase consumer willingness purpose.