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目的研究肾移植术后患者呼吸道感染现状及危险因素,为实施干预措施提供依据。方法采用前瞻性调查的方法,对某三级教学医院肾移植手术患者的医院获得呼吸道感染进行目标性监测,分析其危险因素。结果共调查肾移植患者383例,发生呼吸道感染47例,感染率为12.27%。单因素分析结果显示,患者呼吸道感染与患者的性别、年龄、住院时间以及伴随其他手术关系密切。多因素分析结果显示,患者性别和住院时间是呼吸道感染发生的独立影响因素。结论肾移植术后患者呼吸道感染发生率较高,患者性别与住院时间构成独立危险因素。
Objective To study the status and risk factors of respiratory tract infection in patients after renal transplantation and provide the basis for the implementation of interventions. Methods A prospective investigation was conducted to evaluate the risk factors of respiratory tract infections in hospital of patients undergoing renal transplantation in a tertiary teaching hospital. Results A total of 383 kidney transplant recipients were investigated. Infection occurred in 47 cases of respiratory tract infection, with an infection rate of 12.27%. The results of univariate analysis showed that the patient’s respiratory infection was closely related to the patient’s gender, age, hospital stay and other operations. Multivariate analysis showed that gender and length of hospital stay were independent risk factors for respiratory infections. Conclusion The incidence of respiratory tract infection in patients after kidney transplantation is higher, and the gender and length of hospital stay constitute independent risk factors.