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面对19世纪西方物质文明的发展和中国当时的社会状况,鲁迅在20世纪初出于“纠偏救弊”的考虑,标举新神思宗的“张皇意力”之说,建构自己的新文明观,并以此来推进自己的文学实践。基于这一思考,杂文逐渐成为鲁迅最主要的文学创作类型。之后,经由对厨川白村、卢那察尔斯基文艺理论的译介,鲁迅的杂文写作在追求“意力”的过程中,紧贴中国的实际,获得前所未有的现实感和政治性。鲁迅杂文的政治性以反对各种既成建制为诉求,既赋予新神思宗的“意力”说以新的内涵,又让他的杂文写作冲破现有文学秩序,成为一种独创。
Faced with the development of Western material civilization in the 19th century and the social conditions prevailing in China at the time, Lu Xun said in the early 20th century that “the power of Zhang Zongli” The new concept of civilization, and in order to promote their own literary practice. Based on this thinking, essays have gradually become the most important literary creation type of Lu Xun. After that, through the translation and introduction of the literary theory of Hikawa Kawamura and Lunacharski, Lu Xun’s essay writing has been more realistic and political than ever before in the pursuit of “intent”. The political nature of Lu Xun’s essay has become an original creation by opposing the various existing constitutional systems as an appeal, giving new meanings to the “spiritual power” of the new god Szong, and breaking his essay writing beyond the existing literary order.