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从理论上研究了金属橡胶材料单层结构吸声特性。根据金属橡胶材料声学特性参数计算式,推导出两种基本单层吸声结构——置于刚性墙和带有空气层吸声结构的声阻抗率和吸声系数计算式。确定了流阻率是决定金属橡胶材料声学特性的基本参数。分析了材料厚度、流阻率及空气层厚度对两种吸声结构的吸声性能影响关系,建立了金属橡胶材料单层吸声结构第一共振频率的计算方法。结果表明:通过优化设计材料厚度、流阻率及空气层厚度可有效提高金属橡胶材料单层吸声结构的吸声性能。
In theory, the sound absorption characteristics of single layer structure of metal rubber materials are studied. According to the calculation formulas of the acoustic properties of metallic rubber materials, two kinds of basic single-layer sound-absorbing structures, such as the acoustic impedance ratio and the sound absorption coefficient, placed in the rigid wall and the air-filled sound-absorbing structure are deduced. Determining the flow resistance is the basic parameter that determines the acoustic properties of a metal rubber material. The influence of material thickness, flow resistivity and thickness of air layer on the sound absorption performance of the two sound-absorbing structures was analyzed. The calculation method of the first resonance frequency of the single-layer sound-absorbing structure of metal-rubber material was established. The results show that the sound absorption performance of single layer sound-absorbing structure of metallic rubber material can be effectively improved by optimizing the design of material thickness, flow resistance and air layer thickness.