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本文从运动学和动力学分析、台架和田间测试及实际使用统计等方面,研究花键定心面配合副的工作状况。由于定心面配合间隙的存在,使齿部偏于花键毂一端的齿轮在其安装的花键轴上产生倾斜。一倾斜的结果,当旋转传力时,使花键配合副之间产生轴向相对运动。又由于各键齿间的受力不均和摩擦力的作用,齿轮在轴上将发生轴向移动和轴向力。当定心面配合间隙增大到一定程度后,例如,在花键直径为30～50mm的花键副中,间隙超过0.07～0.1mm时将产生较大的轴向力,并将引起键齿和拨叉等早期磨损和换挡滑动齿轮自动脱挡等不良后果。文章从使用要求和工艺可能性等条件出发,分别对不同的结构和工作条件提出花键定心面配合的精度要求和结构设计措施。
In this paper, we study the working condition of the spline centering surface cooperating with the kinematics and dynamics analysis, the bench and field test and the actual usage statistics. Due to the presence of the centering surface fit clearance, the gear that is offset to one end of the spline hub by the gear is inclined on the spline shaft on which it is mounted. A skewed result, when rotating force is transmitted, causes the axial relative movement between the spline mating pair. Also due to the uneven force between the key teeth and the role of friction, the gear will occur in the axial movement of the shaft and axial force. When the centering surface with a gap to a certain extent, for example, in the spline diameter of 30 ~ 50mm spline vice, the gap exceeds 0.07 ~ 0.1mm will produce greater axial force, and will cause the key teeth And the fork and other early wear and tear gear shift automatic disengagement and other adverse consequences. Based on the requirements of the application and the possibility of the process, the article puts forward the precision requirements and the structural design measures for the spline centering surfaces with different structures and working conditions respectively.