急性传染性腹泻系由许多种微生物所引起。然而,直至60年代后期以前,大多数腹泻病人的病因除疾病流行或局部爆发者外,均含糊不清,往往只能在10～20%散发性病例中识别出一种较常见的肠道致病菌,如沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌或大肠杆菌中的致病性大肠杆菌(EPEC)。其余病例则由于缺少合适的分离方法或较明确的名称,而一概以 Acute infectious diarrhea is caused by many kinds of microorganisms. However, until the late 1960s, most diarrheal patients were eclipsed by etiology, except for epidemics or local outbreaks, and often only one of the more common intestinal causes was identified in 10-20% of sporadic cases Pathogens, such as Salmonella, Shigella or Escherichia coli in pathogenic E. coli (EPEC). The remaining cases are summarized by the lack of a suitable separation method or a more definitive name