目的为了解2010年建水县汉族学生常见病患病情况,为今后的学校卫生工作提供依据。方法利用2010年云南省学生体质调研数据库中建水汉族学生体质检测数据对常见病患病率进行分析。结果建水县汉族学生营养正常的占56.76%,农村高于城市,随学段的增高而降低。营养不良检出率为27.11%,随着学段的增加营养不良率上升。体质量超标检出率10.30%,城市高于农村。肥胖检出率5.84%,城市高于农村,男生高于女生,随着学段的增高而降低。贫血检出率为5.71%,城市高于农村。粪蛔虫检出率2.50%。视力不良检出率为54.25%,城市高于农村,女生高于男生,随着学段的升高视力不良检出率增加,小学以轻度为主,初中、高中以重度为主。疑似近视占总视力不良的99.39%。乳龋龋患率为61.50%,恒龋龋患率37.80%,女生高于男生;龋补率为3.60%,城市高于农村。与2005年相比,营养不良和蛔虫感染率下降,体质量超标、肥胖、视力不良和恒龋患病率大幅上升。结论建水县汉族学生龋病、近视、营养不良患病率高,是今后防控的重点疾病。 Objective To understand the prevalence of common diseases among Han students in Jianshui County in 2010 and provide the basis for future school health work. Methods The prevalence rates of common diseases were analyzed based on the data of constitutional examination of Chinese and Fujian Han students in 2010 Yunnan Province Students Physique Research Database. Results Hanjiang students in Jianshui County accounted for 56.76% of the normal nutrition. The rural areas were higher than the urban areas and decreased with the increase of the school sections. Malnutrition was detected at a rate of 27.11%, with an increase in the segment malnutrition rates increased. 10.30% body mass exceeded the detection rate, the city is higher than the rural areas. The detection rate of obesity was 5.84%. The urban area was higher than that of the rural areas. The male students were higher than the female students, decreasing with the increase of the study section. Anemia detection rate of 5.71%, the city is higher than the rural areas. Ascaris worms detection rate of 2.50%. The detection rate of poor eyesight was 54.25%. The urban area was higher than that of the rural areas and the number of girls was higher than that of the boys. With the increase of the sections, the detection rate of poor eyesight increased. The primary school was lightly dominated while the junior high school and high school were mainly heavy. Suspected myopia accounted for 99.39% of the total poor vision. Caries rate of breast caries was 61.50%, caries-bearing rate was 37.80%, girls were higher than boys; Caries fill rate was 3.60%, the city is higher than the rural areas. Compared with 2005, malnutrition and the infection rate of Ascaris decreased, the body mass exceeded the standard, and the prevalence of obesity, poor eyesight and constant caries increased significantly. Conclusion Han students in Jianshui County have a high prevalence of dental caries, myopia and malnutrition and are the key diseases in future prevention and control.