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作者以多井长期抽水试验为例，描述了深井抽水前后遇到的水文地质现象。考虑到水的密度、粘度和井管阻损，以含水层底板为压力基准面，利用在井口上录取的水位、水温、水量数据计算出井底静压、流压和地层压降。从抽水设备作功、消耗能量的角度，分析了自流和抽水过程中的能量转化、水位与压降漏斗的分布和变化规律。通过对抽水孔、观测孔压降曲线的分析对比，计算出能够代表地层特性的参数。
Taking the multi-well long-term pumping test as an example, the author described the hydrogeological phenomena encountered before and after deep well pumping. Taking into account the water density, viscosity and well tube resistance damage, the bottom hole of the aquifer is taken as the pressure reference surface, and the bottom hole static pressure, the flow pressure and the formation pressure drop are calculated by using the data of water level, water temperature and water taken in the well head. From the perspective of the work of pumping equipment and energy consumption, the distribution and variation of energy conversion, water level and pressure drop funnel in gravity flow and pumping are analyzed. By analyzing and comparing the pressure drop curves of pumping holes and observation holes, the parameters that can represent the characteristics of the formation are calculated.