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目的了解黑龙江省牡丹江市学龄前儿童反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)现状及其影响因素,为儿童RRTI防治提供参考依据。方法于2015年9月—2016年9月采用随机整群抽样方法在牡丹江市抽取9个行政区18家幼儿园1 583名非寄宿制学龄前儿童,采用自行设计调查问卷对其监护人进行学龄前儿童呼吸道感染情况调查。结果结果牡丹江市1 583名学龄前儿童中,RRTI者432例,感染率为27.29%;432例RRTI学龄前儿童中,反复上呼吸道感染236例(54.63%),反复下呼吸道感染196例(45.37%);多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,零食摄入量≥7次/周、同住人吸烟、哮喘和家中有慢性呼吸系统患者是牡丹江市学龄前儿童RRTI的危险因素,蔬菜摄入量≥7次/周和户外活动时间≥2 h/d是牡丹江市学龄前儿童RRTI的保护性因素。结论牡丹江市学龄前儿童RRTI情况较为严重,零食摄入量、同住人是否吸烟、有无哮喘、家中有慢性呼吸系统患者、蔬菜摄入量和户外活动时间是牡丹江市学龄前儿童RRTI的主要影响因素。
Objective To understand the status and influential factors of recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) in preschool children in Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, and provide references for the prevention and treatment of RRTI in children. Methods A total of 1 583 non-boarding preschool-age children from 18 kindergartens in 9 administrative districts were recruited from September 2015 to September 2016 in a random cluster sampling method in Mudanjiang City. The preschool children’s respiratory tract Infection investigation. Results Among the 583 pre-school children in Mudanjiang City, RRTI was found in 432 cases with an infection rate of 27.29%. Of the 432 RRTI preschool children, 236 (54.63%) had repeated upper respiratory tract infections and 196 (45.37) had repeated lower respiratory tract infections %); Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the intake of snacks ≥ 7 times / week, smoking, asthma and home-based patients with chronic respiratory disease are Mudanjiang preschool children RRTI risk factors, vegetable intake ≥ 7 times / week and outdoor activities ≥ 2 h / d are the protective factors of RRTI in preschool children in Mudanjiang. Conclusions The RRTI of preschool-aged children in Mudanjiang City is more serious. The main influence of RRTI on preschool-aged children in Mudanjiang City is snack intake, smoking in the same household, asthma, family members with chronic respiratory diseases, vegetable intake and outdoor activity time factor.