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阿玛蒂亚·森的能力方法理论产生了能力平等标准的难题。不同功能的完成需互为条件,这表明功能(能力)集需具有完备性才能使得新功能顺利完成。文章认为,功能完全扩展是拥有完备能力的具体体现,以能否实现功能完全扩展为依据可反向推导出完备能力清单,即基本幸福能力。社会应该努力确保基本幸福能力的平等,以保障民众福利的持续增长。通过丰富制度制订的民众参与途径,可全面提升普通民众的权利(能力)。
Amartya Sen’s Theory of Competence Methodologies have created the challenge of a standard of competence. Completion of different functions need to be mutually exclusive, which indicates that the set of functions (capabilities) needs to be complete in order to make the new functions successfully completed. The article argues that the complete expansion of functions is the concrete manifestation of having complete capabilities. Based on the complete expansion of functions, the list of complete capabilities can be derived inversely, that is, the basic happiness ability. Society should strive to ensure equality in basic well-being so as to ensure the continuous growth of public welfare. By enriching the system of people’s participation in the development of ways, can enhance the general public’s rights (ability).