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从20世纪70年代起,乌兹别克斯坦布哈拉绿洲灌溉农业的进一步发展完全依赖于阿姆-布哈拉渠的供水。随着绿洲的灌溉农业单位面积土地的供水量开始加大,并开发了一些新的灌区,到20世纪80年代末,布哈拉绿洲面临着诸如土地盐碱化、水涝等严重的水环境问题,土地产量和水资源生产率出现了下降。通过详细分析布哈拉绿洲灌溉农业和用水管理系统的历史,才能研究出解决其水环境问题的办法。阐述了布哈拉绿洲灌溉农业和用水管理系统的发展历程,试图对不同阶段的总体趋势、水利用和管理变化进行分析。
Since the 1970s, the further development of irrigated agriculture in the Bukhara Oasis of Uzbekistan has relied entirely on the water supply of the Am-Bukhara Channel. As the water supply per unit area of irrigated agriculture in the oasis began to increase and some new irrigated areas were developed, by the late 1980s, the Bukhara oasis faced serious water environments such as salinization of land and waterlogging Problems, land productivity and water productivity have declined. A detailed analysis of the history of Bukhara’s oasis irrigated agriculture and water management systems can only reveal solutions to its water and environmental problems. The development of irrigation agriculture and water management systems in the Bukhara Oasis is illustrated, and attempts are made to analyze the overall trends in different phases, changes in water use and management.