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试验研究无机与有机肥配施冬小麦紫色土NH4+-N及NO3--N的时空变异特征结果表明,冬小麦不同生育期施肥后第15d和第120d紫色土NH4+-N含量有两个显著的降低、升高转折点,第15d与N素的硝化作用和挥发作用有关,第120d受此阶段冬小麦的强烈吸收和肥料的矿化释放作用影响较大;土壤NH4+-N和NO3--N含量在不同剖面(0~15cm、15~30cm、30~50cm土层)的分配明显受施用有机肥的影响,有机肥对NO3--N有一定固持作用,阻碍了NO3--N向下迁移,各处理对NO3--N迁移的固持作用表现为秸秆+化肥>猪粪+化肥>鸡粪+化肥>纯化肥处理;土壤NH4+-N与NO3--N含量时空变异有较强的此消彼涨相关性,且施纯化肥处理最明显。
The results of spatio-temporal variations of NH4 + -N and NO3 - N in winter wheat purple soil showed that there were two significant reductions in the NH4 + -N content of purple soil on the 15th and 120th days after fertilization at different growth stages, On the 15th day, it was related to the nitrification and volatilization of N element. The strong absorption of winter wheat and the mineralization and release of fertilizers were significant on the 120th day. The contents of soil NH4 + -N and NO3 - N were significantly different at different stages (0 ~ 15cm, 15 ~ 30cm, 30 ~ 50cm soil layer) was significantly affected by the application of organic manure. Organic manure had a certain holding effect on NO3 - N and prevented NO3 - N from migrating downward. The holding effect of NO3 - N migration showed that straw + chemical fertilizer> pig manure + chemical fertilizer> chicken manure + chemical fertilizer> pure chemical fertilizer. The spatiotemporal variation of NH4 + -N and NO3 - N contents in soils was significantly correlated , Shi Shi and fertilizer treatment the most obvious.