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列宁对农业发展问题的研究,起始于十月革命前对资本主义农业生产方式的分析,完成于新经济政策时期对合作制、农业市场化的探讨,构建了包括土地问题、合作制发展、农业集约化、农业技术进步、农业市场化和农民发展在内的理论思想体系。目前,农村、农业、农民的发展是中国全面建成小康社会的短板,而“旧三农”问题,现已转化为“新三农”问题,即农村生态环境滞化、农业资本盲目化和农民分化。重温列宁关于社会主义农业发展的论述,对解决中国“新三农”问题具有重要启示意义:强化承包制中集体“统”的方面;农业发展的方向应是农业“集约化”而非“规模化和资本化”;农业市场化不是彻底市场化,而是培育和优化农村市场;农业现代化的关键是农民发展。
Lenin’s research on agricultural development began with the analysis of capitalist agricultural production before the October Revolution and completed the discussion on the cooperation and agricultural marketization during the period of the new economic policy. Lenin built a system that includes land issues, cooperative development, Agricultural intensification, agricultural technology progress, agricultural market and farmers’ development, including the theoretical system of thought. At present, the development of rural areas, agriculture and peasants are the shortcomings that China has of building a well-off society in an all-round way. However, the issue of “old agriculture, farmers and farmers” has now been transformed into the issue of “new issues concerning agriculture, farmer and rural areas” Capital blindness and peasant differentiation. Reviewing Lenin’s exposition on the development of socialist agriculture is of great enlightenment to the issue of resolving the issue of “new agriculture, farmers and farmers” in China: strengthening the aspect of collective “system ” in the contract system; and the direction of agricultural development should be agriculture Instead of “marketization” and “capitalization”, the marketization of agriculture is not a complete marketization but a fostering and optimization of the rural market. The key to agricultural modernization is the development of peasants.