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Rh阴性妊娠妇女的抗D抗体直接与Rh阳性胎儿红血球膜上RhD抗原结合,红细胞破环导致胎儿溶血性贫血,引起胎儿水肿和胎死宫内(胎儿成红细胞增多症)。Rh抗原包括D,C,c,E及e抗原,其中以RhD抗原的致免疫力最强,为主要的Rh同种异体免疫原因。Rh阳性的白种人中,约50％为RhD基因的杂合子。编码Rh血型系统的基因定位于1p~(34)。如果Rh阴性妇女的配偶为Rh阴性的杂合子,其胎儿有50％机会为Rh阳性。植入前遗传学诊断可预防患重度遗传病的妊娠。本研究用单个人细胞,包括取自人胚胎的分裂球,应用PCR技术以判定RhD血型。
Anti-D antibodies in Rh-negative pregnant women bind directly to the RhD antigen on the Rh-positive fetus’s red blood cell membrane, which leads to fetal hemolytic anemia that causes fetal edema and fetal death (polycythemia vera). Rh antigens include D, C, c, E and e antigens, of which the most immunogenic RhD antigens, as the main Rh allogeneic immune causes. About 50% of Rh-positive Caucasian individuals are heterozygous for the RhD gene. The gene encoding the Rh blood group system is located at 1p ~ (34). If the Rh-negative woman’s spouse is Rh-negative heterozygous, her fetus has a 50% chance of being positive for Rh. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis prevents pregnancy with severe genetic disease. In this study, a single human cell, including a blastomere from human embryos, was used to determine RhD blood type using PCR technique.