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目的探讨子宫内膜癌及其癌前病变ｂｃｌ－２及ｐ５３基因的表达及与凋亡的关系。方法利用微波免疫组化ＡＢＣ方法检测肿瘤组织内ｂｃｌ－２蛋白及ｐ５３蛋白的分布情况。结果正常和单纯性增生子宫内膜ｂｃｌ－２蛋白和ｐ５３蛋白均为阴性反应。ｂｃｌ－２蛋白和ｐ５３蛋白阳性率在子宫内膜癌分别为５１．９％和４８．１％；在癌前期病变分别为３３．３％和１６．７％，均明显高于非肿瘤子宫内膜（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ｂｃｌ－２蛋白的表达强度随子宫内膜癌分化程度的增加而增加。ｐ５３蛋白则与肿瘤细胞的浸润和临床分期有关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论子宫内膜癌的发生、发展中细胞凋亡起着重要作用。ｂｃｌ－２蛋白是子宫内膜癌的早期指标。而突变型ｐ５３蛋白则与子宫内膜癌的浸润、转移及不良预后有关。
Objective To investigate the expression of bcl-2 and p53 genes and its relationship with apoptosis in endometrial carcinoma and its precancerous lesions. Methods The distribution of bcl-2 protein and p53 protein in tumor tissues was detected by microwave immunohistochemical ABC method. Results Bcl-2 protein and p53 protein were negative in normal and simple hyperplasia endometrium. The positive rates of bcl-2 protein and p53 protein were 51.9% and 48.1% in endometrial cancer, and 33.3% and 16.7% in precancerous lesions, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in nontumor utero. Membrane (P < 0.05). The expression of bcl-2 protein increased with the degree of differentiation of endometrial cancer. The p53 protein was associated with tumor cell infiltration and clinical stage (P<0.05). Conclusion Cell apoptosis plays an important role in the occurrence and development of endometrial carcinoma. The bcl-2 protein is an early indicator of endometrial cancer. The mutant p53 protein is associated with infiltration, metastasis, and poor prognosis of endometrial cancer.