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【目的】探讨产前焦虑对新生儿出生体重产生的影响,为提高产前保健服务提供依据。【方法】采用前瞻性研究方法,从2009年6月-2010年12月在本院产检和分娩的产妇中选择具有产前焦虑症状者220名,随机分成干预组和非干预组各110例,同时选取220名正常产妇作空白对照。干预组定期进行积极的心理疏导,另两组常规产检随访至产后1周。采用焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)评估各组产妇焦虑状况,记录三组孕妇所产新生儿出生体重及低出生体重儿发生率。【结果】干预组接受干预后焦虑标准分显著降低(P<0.001);干预组与空白对照组孕妇产新生儿平均出生体重分别为(3 390±510)g和(3 480±480)g,明显高于非干预组(3 070±610)g,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);干预组和空白对照组新生儿平均体重差异无统计学意义(P=0.160)。非干预组低出生体重发生率也明显高于干预组和空白对照组(P=0.031)。【结论】孕妇产前焦虑情绪对新生出生体重存在不良影响,导致低出生体重发生率增加;尽早进行心理干预,能有效缓解孕妇产前焦虑,从而减小对新生儿出生体重的不良影响。
【Objective】 To investigate the influence of prenatal anxiety on newborn birth weight and to provide basis for improving prenatal care. 【Methods】 A prospective study was conducted to select 220 prenatal anxiety-related symptoms among prenatal and childbirth mothers in our hospital from June 2009 to December 2010 and were randomly divided into intervention group (n = 110) and non-intervention group (n = 110) At the same time select 220 normal maternal as a blank control. The intervention group conducted regular psychological counseling regularly. The other two groups were followed up routinely to 1 week after delivery. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to evaluate the anxiety status of maternal mothers in each group. The birth weight and the incidence of low birth weight babies were recorded in three groups of pregnant women. 【Results】 The anxiety standard scores of the intervention group were significantly decreased (P <0.001). The average newborn birth weight of pregnant women in the intervention group and the blank control group were (3 390 ± 510) g and (3 480 ± 480) g respectively, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). There was no significant difference in the average body weight between the intervention group and the blank control group (P = 0.160). The incidence of low birth weight in non-intervention group was also significantly higher than that in intervention group and blank control group (P = 0.031). 【Conclusions】 Prenatal anxiety in pregnant women has adverse effects on newborn birth weight, resulting in an increase in the incidence of low birth weight. Psychological intervention as soon as possible can effectively relieve the prenatal anxiety of pregnant women and thus reduce the negative impact on newborn birth weight.