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【目的】设置不同种植密度,研究辐热积与棉花生长发育之间的关系,为辐热积监测棉花生长发育状况提供理论参考。【方法】供试棉花品种为鲁棉研24号和新陆早50号,设置3个密度处理,分别是240×10~3(D1)、176×10~3(D2)和82.5×10~3株/hm~2(D3),每隔7~10 d对棉花干物质、株高、蕾铃数等指标进行测定,从石河子气象站获得棉花生育期内的辐射数据。【结果】降低密度能增加单株结铃数,但密度过小导致棉花单铃重有所减小,不利于棉花产量形成。鲁棉研24号和新陆早50号均以在176×10~3株/hm~2密度条件下产量最高,分别为4 852.27和5 167.73 kg/hm~2。适当降低密度有利于减少各生育期所需累积辐热积,同时缩短生育期,有利于棉花早熟,但密度过低将产生反作用。【结论】176×10~3株/hm~2密度条件下,棉花所需辐热积最小,生育期最短,产量构成因子相对最好,有利于棉花生长发育。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to set up different planting densities, study the relationship between the product of thermogenesis and the growth and development of cotton, and provide a theoretical reference for the monitoring of the growth and development of cotton by means of the thermogenesis plot. 【Method】 The cotton varieties for testing were Lumianyan No.24 and Xinluzao50, which were set to three density treatments, which were 240 × 10 ~ 3 (D1), 176 × 10 ~ 3 (D2) and 82.5 × 10 ~ 3 plants / hm ~ 2 (D3). The cotton dry matter, plant height, boll number and other indicators were measured every 7-10 days. The radiation data of cotton during the growth period was obtained from Shihezi weather station. 【Result】 Decreasing density could increase the number of bolls per plant, but too low density led to a decrease in single boll weight of cotton, which was unfavorable to cotton yield. The highest yield was obtained at the density of 176 × 10 ~ 3 plants / hm ~ 2, which was 4 852.27 and 5 167.73 kg / hm ~ 2, respectively. Appropriate to reduce the density is conducive to reducing the cumulative amount of accumulated heat required for each growth period, while shortening the growth period, is conducive to cotton premature, but the density is too low will have a negative effect. 【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of 176 × 10 ~ 3 plants / hm ~ 2 density, the minimum required caloric product, the shortest growth period and the best yield components of cotton are favorable for cotton growth.