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为判定一例患儿有无癫痫,除了细致全面地搜集病史外别无他法。体检很少有所帮助,化验亦可导至误诊。脑电图就其本身而言,并不能肯定或否定癫痫的诊断。因癫痫患儿可有正常的脑电波,而非癫痫患儿有时却可显示脑电波节律失常。因此作者对可能导致误诊癫痫的各种情况作一简短复习,俾能与真正之癫痫互相区别。 1.屏气发作(呼吸暂停症) 常见于6～36个月的婴幼儿。突然的惊吓或愤怒可引起发作。患儿哭叫后于呼气之末屏气、发绀或者意识丧失,乃至惊厥。惊厥时常
To determine whether a child has epilepsy or not, there is no alternative but to collect a detailed and comprehensive medical history. Physical examination seldom helps, laboratory tests can lead to misdiagnosis. EEG, for its part, does not confirm or deny the diagnosis of epilepsy. Children with epilepsy may have normal brain waves, while children with non-epilepsy may sometimes show brainwave rhythm disorders. The authors therefore make a brief review of the various conditions that may lead to the misdiagnosis of epilepsy in order to be able to distinguish from true epilepsy. 1. breath-hold attack (apnea) common in 6 to 36 months of infants. Sudden fright or anger can cause an attack. Children cry after breath at the end breath, cyanosis or loss of consciousness, and even convulsions. Seizures often