报告３８例，均经外科治疗，３７例痊愈，１例因术后发牛复张性肺水肿死亡．作者认为自发性血气胸的治疗以抢救生命为第一原则，有效止血、排气，维持生命体征平稳，在促使肺复张时应缓慢、逐步进行．以防发生复张性肺水肿．本文就自发性血气胸术后发生复张性肺水肿的发病机制以及对该并发症的诊治和预防方法作了初步分析． Thirty-eight patients were surgically treated, 37 were cured, and one died of bovine recurrent pulmonary edema. Authors believe that the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax to save lives as the first principle, effective hemostasis, exhaust, to maintain a stable vital signs, to promote lung recruitment should be slow and gradual. To prevent the occurrence of recurrent pulmonary edema. This article made a preliminary analysis of the pathogenesis of recurrent pulmonary edema and its diagnosis, treatment and prevention after spontaneous hemothorax.