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[目的]了解护士在工作中发生职业损伤情况及其对伤害的认知度,以便制定有针对性的防护措施。[方法]2008年5月,对新汶矿区11家医院的577名护士进行有关职业暴露损伤及防护情况的问卷调查。[结果]调查577人,从事护理工作后96.36%受到过不同类型的职业损伤,其中被针头刺伤的占93.55%,安瓿或玻璃注射器割伤的占93.76%,化学消毒剂损伤占50.95%,紫外线灼伤的占38.65%,接触血液、体液的占32.93%,化学药物损伤的占26.52%,工作强度超负荷的占58.93%,工作有心理压力的占60.31%,医患关系紧张的占48.87%。认为需要职业防护相关知识培训的占97.75%,要求单位培训者占78.51%。认为理想的自我防护行为是技术操作规范熟练、操作前后规范洗手、用后的针头锐器及时处理、可能接触病人血液体液时戴手套口罩、使用配置化疗药物的专门设施、自我心理调适的,分别占84.23%、81.98%、90.30%、79.03%、56.67%、61.87%。[结论]新汶矿区医院护士职业损伤较严重。
[Objective] To understand the situation of occupational injuries nurses in the work and their recognition of injuries in order to develop targeted protective measures. [Methods] In May 2008, 577 nurses from 11 hospitals in Xinwen mining area were surveyed on occupational exposure and protective measures. [Results] The investigation of 577 people, 96.36% of them engaged in nursing work after being exposed to different types of occupational injuries, of which 93.55% was stabbed by a needle, 93.76% ampoules or glass syringe cut, chemical disinfectant damage accounted for 50.95% 38.65% were exposed to ultraviolet radiation, 32.93% were exposed to blood and body fluids, 26.52% were injured by chemical drugs, 58.93% were overworked, 60.31% were under psychological stress, 48.87% were doctor-patient relationship, . 97.75% think that they need vocational training related knowledge training, and 78.51% require unit trainers. It is considered that the ideal self-protection behavior is that it is proficient in technical specifications, wash hands before and after the operation, handle the sharp needle after use promptly, wear a glove mask when contacting the patient’s blood body fluid, and use special facilities for configuring chemotherapy drugs, Accounting for 84.23%, 81.98%, 90.30%, 79.03%, 56.67%, 61.87%. [Conclusion] The occupational injury of nurses in Xinwen mining area is more serious.