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化疗在恶性肿瘤的综合治疗中占有非常重要的地位,而耐药性是严重影响肿瘤病人化疗效果及生存的主要原因之一,其中多药耐药(multi-drug resistance,MDR)最具临床意义。多药耐药是指肿瘤细胞对某一化疗药物产生耐药性后,对其他化学结构及机理不同的化疗药物也产生交叉耐药性。研究表明MDR是一个多阶段发展、多因素参与的复杂事件。逆转肿瘤多药耐药是目前肿瘤化疗的研究热点之一。近年随着基础科学研究的不断深入,基因逆转肿瘤多药耐药的研究已从分子水平上,定点、多位点阻断多药耐药基因的表达,已取得一些显著的进展。本文对肿瘤多药耐药机制以及逆转肿瘤多药耐药性的相关基因做一简要综述。
Chemotherapy plays a very important role in the comprehensive treatment of malignant tumors, and drug resistance is one of the major causes of the chemotherapy effect and survival in cancer patients. Among them, multi-drug resistance (MDR) has the most clinical significance . Multidrug resistance refers to the tumor cells to a chemotherapeutic drug resistance, the chemical structure and mechanism of different chemotherapeutic drugs also have cross-resistance. Research shows that MDR is a multi-phase development, multi-factor involved in complex events. Reversal of tumor multidrug resistance is one of the hot spots in the research of tumor chemotherapy. In recent years, with the deepening of basic scientific research, the research on gene reversal of multidrug resistance of tumors has made some remarkable progress in blocking the expression of multidrug resistance genes at the molecular level, at fixed sites and at multiple sites. This article reviews the mechanism of multidrug resistance and the related genes that reverse multidrug resistance of tumors.