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目的了解浙江省8～35月龄儿童含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)初免及时接种率及其影响因素,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用二阶段分层抽样方法,在3个县现场调查695名适龄儿童及其监护人的人口学特征,预防接种服务利用和满意度情况,MCV初免接种信息,分析MCV初免及时接种率及影响因素。结果 MCV初免接种率为93.09%,本地儿童为95.40%,流动儿童为91.72%(P>0.05);MCV初免及时接种率为67.77%,本地儿童为77.31%,流动儿童57.69%(P<0.01)。多因素分析结果表明:接种后预约、预防接种门诊地理便利性、预防接种门诊环境、监护人文化程度和调查期间的工作状态是本地儿童MCV初免及时接种率的影响因素;迁入后获得首次预防接种通知的时间间隔、每次接种后预约、有偿疫苗接种服务、监护人文化程度、调查期间监护人工作状态、儿童出生场所是流动儿童MCV初免及时接种率的影响因素。结论建议制定MCV初免及时接种评价标准,纳入国家免疫规划接种率监测系统开展监测和考核;并采取有针对性的干预措施提高MCV初免及时接种率。
Objective To understand the timely vaccination rate and its influential factors of measles vaccine (MCV) in children aged 8 ~ 35 months in Zhejiang Province, and to provide basis for making intervention measures. Methods Two-stage stratified sampling method was used to investigate the demographic characteristics of 695 school-age children and their guardians, the vaccination service utilization and satisfaction, MCV vaccination information, the timely vaccination rate of MCV and Influencing factors. Results The initial immunization coverage rate of MCV was 93.09%, that of local children was 95.40% and that of floating children was 91.72% (P> 0.05). The timely vaccination rate of MCV was 67.77%, that of local children was 77.31% and that of floating children was 57.69% (P < 0.01). The results of multivariate analysis showed that the factors influencing the timely vaccination rate of MCV were the first inoculation after inoculation, the geographical convenience of inoculation clinic, the inoculation clinic environment, the guardian’s educational level and the working status during the investigation. Vaccination notification time interval, each vaccination reservation, paid vaccination services, guardian culture, guardian status during the investigation, place of childbirth is the timely immunization of migrant children MCV impact factors. Conclusions It is suggested that the evaluation criteria for timely vaccination of MCV should be formulated and put into the national immunization program vaccination rate monitoring system to carry out monitoring and assessment; and targeted interventions should be taken to improve the timely vaccination rate of MCV.