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目的了解医院临床分离条件致病菌的构成及对常用抗生素的耐药情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法采用细菌培养和药敏试验方法,对某医院住院患者的临床标本进行菌株分离鉴定及药物敏感性试验。结果该医院患者感染肺炎克雷伯菌分离率呈逐年下降趋势,铜绿假单胞菌呈逐年上升趋势,且此两种条件致病菌对临床常用抗菌药物耐药率普遍较高;四年中各病原菌对常用抗生素耐药性基本保持稳定,鲍曼不动杆菌与铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗生素的耐药性普遍较高;主要革兰阴性杆菌对三、四代头孢类抗菌药(头孢他啶、头孢曲松、头孢吡肟)近几年持续保持较高的耐药性(50%以上);酶抑制剂抗生素哌拉西林/他唑巴坦与碳青霉烯类抗菌药亚胺培南对大多数条件致病菌较为有效。结论近几年我院主要条件致病菌药敏情况较为稳定,但仍处于耐药性较高的状况,临床用药时应严格参照药敏结果,以降低细菌的耐药性。
Objective To understand the composition of pathogenic bacteria in clinical isolates and the resistance to commonly used antibiotics, and to provide a reference for the rational use of antibacterials in clinic. Methods Bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test were used to isolate and identify the clinical specimens of hospitalized patients in a hospital and drug sensitivity test. Results The isolation rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae showed a decreasing trend year by year in the hospital. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed an upward trend year by year. The prevalence rates of these two kinds of pathogens were generally higher in clinical antimicrobial agents. Four years The resistance of common pathogens to commonly used antibiotics remained stable. Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were generally resistant to commonly used antibiotics. The main Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to ceftazidime , Ceftriaxone, cefepime) in recent years continued to maintain high resistance (50%); enzyme inhibitor antibiotics piperacillin / tazobactam and carbapenem antibacterial imipenem Most conditions are more effective pathogens. Conclusions In recent years, the main conditions of our hospital pathogenic bacteria susceptibility was stable, but still in a state of high resistance, clinical medication should be strict reference to drug susceptibility results to reduce bacterial resistance.