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本文叙述三个典型实例,它们使用数值模拟法确定潜在的不稳定性。应用简单的二维程序(PCBEM)和伪三维码(BESOL,MINTAB)确定感生应力带,以后在采场回采时与伸长计、应力计和观测数据进行对照。讨论的典型实例如下:麦克莱兰矿底柱稳定性;拉坦矿顶盘稳定性;迪图尔湖矿薄矿脉开采。麦克莱兰矿的典型实例说明模拟技术和仪表检测如何能使采矿工作在可控制条件下安全地进行。使用 MINTAB 和 PCBEM 预测底柱破坏。在底柱破坏的同时应力解除,(应力计记录了这个过程)和岩体总强度降低。但让压矿柱仍保持其外形尺寸,矿柱中的巷道畅通无阻。拉坦矿的典型实例说明在地质构造不利和形成松弛带会产生贫化时如何进行顶盘和底盘的设计。应用 BESOL 和 PCBEM 模拟一个试验采场和验证观测结果和仪表测量结果。应用估算贫化率的经验方法确定片帮程度,在计算中考虑了岩体额定值、采场尺寸和回采速度。迪图尔湖矿的典型实例说明采用空场法开采急倾斜薄矿体。采场尺寸:走向长度135m、垂直高度47m、平均宽度(底盘至顶盘)3.6m。应力计和肉眼观测结果与模拟计算的应力和贫化率相互对照。
This article describes three typical examples that use numerical simulations to determine potential instabilities. The inductive stress band is determined by using simple two-dimensional program (PCBEM) and pseudo-3D code (BESOL, MINTAB), and compared with the extensometer, stress meter and observation data during the recovery of stope. Typical examples discussed are as follows: stability of the McClelland bottom pillar; stability of the top plate of the Ratan mine; A typical example of the McClelland mine shows how analog techniques and instrumentation can make mining work safely under controlled conditions. Use MINTAB and PCBEM to predict column damage. Stress relief at the same time as the bottom column was destroyed, (the stress gauge documented this process) and the total strength of the rock mass decreased. However, the pressure ore column still maintain its dimensions, mining pillar in the roadway unobstructed. A typical example of the Ratan mine illustrates how to design the roof and chassis in the face of poor geological formation and the formation of slack bands. Apply BESOL and PCBEM to simulate a test stope and verify observations and meter measurements. Empirical methods for estimating the rate of depletion are used to determine the extent of the slab, taking into account rock mass ratings, stope size and recovery rate. A typical example of the Lake Dieu mine illustrates the use of an open field method for the production of steep, thin ore bodies. Stope size: The length of 135m, the vertical height of 47m, the average width (chassis to the top plate) 3.6m. Stress gauges and macroscopic observations are in contrast with simulated stress and dilution rates.