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关于南宋“说话四家”的探讨历来是见仁见智,难以达成共识。本文梳理这一课题的发展历程,勾稽历代学人在此课题上的贡献。“说话”不应是一个包容一切口说伎艺的名词,其内涵应为“讲说故事”。参照清人对此问题的理解,陈汝衡、李啸仓等先生的意见是对的,耐得翁所言“四家”为:银字儿(烟粉灵怪传奇)、说公案说铁骑、讲史、说经。在没有新的文献材料可资补证时,最好暂时悬置这一问题,不必在文字读解上强为新说。
The discussion about the Southern Song Dynasty “talking four ” has always been a matter of opinion, it is difficult to reach a consensus. This article combs the development history of this topic, absurdly inspects the scholars’ contributions in this subject. “Talking ” should not be a nouns alluding to all the tactics, whose meaning should be “tell the story ”. With reference to the Qing people’s understanding of this issue, Chen Ruheng, Li Xiaocang and other gentlemen’s opinion is correct, Nengdeng said “Four ” as: Silver words (soot fever spirit legend), said the case said cavalry, history , Say by. In the absence of new documents and materials can be compensated, it is best to temporarily suspend this issue, do not have to be strong in the text read new ideas.