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A relationship between status epilepticus(SE)and oxidative stress has recently begun to be recognized.To explore whether the flavonoids extracted from licorice(LFs)have any protective effect on kainate(KA)-induced seizure in mice,we treated mice with LFs before and after KA injection.In KA-treated mice,we found that superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity decreased immediately after the onset of seizure at 1 h and then increased at 6 h.It returned to baseline 1 d after seizure and then increased again at 3,7,and 28 d,while malondialdehyde(MDA)content remained at a high level at 1 h,6 h,3 d,7 d,and 28 d,indicating a more oxidized status related to the presence of more reactive oxygen species(ROS).Treatment with LFs before KA injection reversed the seizure-induced change in SOD activity and MDA content at 1 h,6 h,3 d,7 d,and 28 d.Treatment with LFs after seizure decreased KA-induced SOD activity and MDA content at 7 and 28 d.Also,LF pre-and post-KA treatments decreased seizure-induced neuronal cell death.Subsequently,Morris water maze tests revealed that the escape latency was significantly decreased and the number of target quadrant crossings was markedly increased in the LF-treated groups.Thus,our data indicate that LFs have protective effects on seizure-induced neuronal cell death and cognitive impairment through their anti-oxidative effects.
A relationship between status epilepticus (SE) and oxidative stress has recently begun to be identified. To explore whether the flavonoids extracted from licorice (LFs) have any protective effect on kainate (KA) -induced seizure in mice, we treated mice with LFs before and after KA injection. In KA-treated mice, we found that superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased immediately after after the onset of seizure at 1 h and then increased at 6 h.It returned to baseline 1 d after seizure and then increased again at 3, 7, and 28 d, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content remained at a high level at 1 h, 6 h, 3 d, 7 d, and 28 d, indicating a more oxidized status related to the presence of more reactive oxygen species (ROS). Treatment with LFs before KA-induced seizure-induced change in SOD activity and MDA content at 1 h, 6 h, 3 d, 7 d, and 28 d. Treatment with LFs after seizure decreased KA-induced SOD activity and MDA content at 7 and 28 d. Also, LF pre-and post-KA treatments decreased seizure-induced neuronal cell death. Substituted, Morris water maze tests revealed that the escape latency was significantly decreased and the number of target quadrant crossings was markedly increased in the LF-treated groups.Thus, our data indicate that LFs have protective effects on seizure-induced neuronal cells death and cognitive impairment through their anti-oxidative effects.