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Ｗｉｌｍｓ瘤和成神经细胞瘤均为小儿腹部常见的恶性肿瘤。本文报告了２０例Ｗｉｌｍｓ瘤和１０例腹膜后成神经细胞瘤，并从三个方面讨论了这二种肿瘤的ｘ线区别。（１）ＩＶＰ：前者肾盂肾盏破坏多见，显影延迟，密度较淡．肾盂肾盏受压移位，主要向内下方或上方．腹膜后成神经细胞瘤对肾盂肾盏破坏较前者次之，肾盂肾盏受压移位主要向外下方，无向上移位。（２）肿瘤转移：前者多发生肺转移，后者则以骨转移为多。（３）钙化：Ｗｉｌｍｓ瘤钙化率较低，可呈环形，蛋壳状或小斑点状，而后者钙化较多见，多为细砂样，颗粒状或斑块状。
Wilms tumor and neuroblastoma are common malignancies in children’s abdomen. This article reports 20 cases of Wilms’ tumor and 10 cases of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma, and discuss the x-ray differences of the two tumors from three aspects. (1) IVP: The former is more common in the destruction of renal pelvis and pelvis, delayed in development, and less dense. Renal pelvis and renal pelvis under pressure shift, mainly inward or downward. The retroperitoneal neuroblastoma is more vulnerable than the former to the renal pelvis and renal pelvis. The renal pelvis and renal pelvis are displaced mainly downward and downward without displacement. (2) Tumor metastasis: The former has more lung metastases, while the latter has more bone metastases. (3) Calcification: The calcification rate of Wilms’ tumor is low, and it can be in the shape of a ring, eggshell or small spot. The calcification of the latter is more common, mostly fine sand, granular or plaque.