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应用社会学是指运用社会学的观点和方法,了解、分析、研究社会实际生活、社会现象和社会问题。应用社会学的主要目的是了解社会状态,探讨社会正常运转的合理机制,预测社会发展。因此,它对于政府制订有关的社会政策举足轻重,有着十分重要的作用。在美国社会学发展的历史中,应用社会学走了一条成功的道路。应用社会学被美国各界,尤其是美国政府所承认,取得了合法地位。这不仅促进了美国社会学的成长和壮大,更重要的是它找到了使社会学家成为政府决策者的助手,从而完成社会学的历史任务的一条最佳途径。本文仅就美国应用社会学是如何取得合法地位的历史做一简要的介绍。
Applied sociology refers to the use of sociology perspectives and methods to understand, analyze, study the actual social life, social phenomena and social issues. The main purpose of applied sociology is to understand the state of society, explore the reasonable mechanism for the normal operation of society, and predict the social development. Therefore, it plays a very important role in the government’s formulation of relevant social policies. In the history of the development of American sociology, the application of sociology has taken a successful path. Applied sociology has been recognized by all walks of life in the United States, especially the U.S. government, and has gained legal status. This not only promoted the growth and growth of American sociology, but more importantly it found the best way to make sociologists an aide to government policymakers to accomplish the historical tasks of sociology. This article only gives a brief introduction to the history of how Applied Sociology has acquired its legal status.