1921年以前,布尔什维克党和列宁“曾经认为建立了国家的分配制度以后,我们就可以进入一个与以前不同的生产和分配的经济制度”。具体说来,在农业社会主义改造中人为的建立了许多农业公社和农业劳动组合。“到1921年春天已经很清楚了:我们用冲击的办法,即用简捷、迅速、直接的办法实行社会主义生产和分配的原则的尝试已经失败了。1921年春 Before 1921, the Bolsheviks and Lenin “once thought that after the establishment of the state’s distribution system, we could enter into a different economic system from that previously produced and distributed.” Specifically, many agricultural communes and agricultural labor associations were artificially established in the socialist transformation of agriculture. “It is clear by the spring of 1921 that our attempt to impose the principle of socialist production and distribution in a simple, quick and direct way has failed.” Spring of 1921