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基于2010年北京市工商企业登记数据和第六次人口普查数据,从分行业视角对北京市城区职住空间结构及其类型区特征进行详细实证分析。研究表明:北京市就业空间结构和居住空间结构均有3个主成分因子构成,其中就业空间结构包括综合服务业、流通地产服务业与二产、高科技产业等主因子,居住空间结构则由一般服务业、流通生活服务业与二产、科技和教育产业等主因子构成,且不同城市就业与居住空间主因子的空间关联强度存在差异。采用GIS分组分析方法可将北京城市居住和就业空间划分为5种类型区,即流通生活服务业与二产居住集中区、流通生活服务业与二产职住综合区、一般服务业职住综合区、职弱住强型科教优势区和职强住弱型科教优势区。分析发现,北京城市居住和就业空间结构形成主要受到历史力、市场力、政府力和个体力等因素共同作用。
Based on the 2010 Beijing business registration data and the sixth census data, this paper conducts a detailed and empirical analysis of the spatial structure of job and residence in Beijing and the characteristics of the type district from the perspective of different industries. The research shows that the employment space structure and living space structure in Beijing are composed of three main components, of which the employment space structure includes the main factors of the integrated service industry, the real estate service industry of circulation and the secondary industry and high-tech industry, and the living space structure consists of General service industry, circulation service industry, secondary industry, science and technology and education industry, and there are differences in the spatial correlation strength between the main factors of employment and living space in different cities. Using GIS grouping analysis method, Beijing urban residential and employment space can be divided into five types of areas, that is, circulation service and secondary residence area, circulation service and secondary residence area, general service industry District, occupational weakness live strong science and technology advantage area and occupational weak living type science and technology advantage area. The analysis shows that the formation of the urban residential and employment space in Beijing is mainly influenced by factors such as historical power, market power, government power and individual power.