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长期以来,学术界普遍认为《红楼梦》是反封建、反儒家的,并把这种反抗传统的特质视为思想上的进步。本文则认为《红楼梦》对于儒家文化的态度是赞同的而不是反对的,尤其是在贾宝玉身上体现出了儒家的仁者风范。通过贾宝玉人物形象的塑造,曹雪芹继承了儒家仁学思想的核心理念,如学以成仁、克己复礼为仁、仁者以天地万物为一体等,同时又创造性地发展了儒家仁学思想,纠正了宋明理学对仁学思想的曲解,并且以小说的通俗语言扩大了仁学思想的影响力。
For a long time, academics generally think that “Dream of Red Mansions” is anti-feudal and anti-Confucian, and takes this trait of resistance as a symbol of progress. This paper argues that the attitude toward Confucianism in A Dream of Red Mansions agrees rather than opposes it, especially in Jia Baoyu, which shows the benevolent style of Confucianism. Through the modeling of Jia Baoyu’s characters, Cao Xueqin inherited the core ideas of Confucian benevolence thought, such as learning from benevolence, rehabilitating selfishness for benevolence, benevolent taking everything from heaven and earth as one, and at the same time creatively developing Confucian benevolence thought and correcting The Song and Ming Neo-Confucianism distorted the thoughts of benevolence, and expanded the influence of benevolence thought in the popular language of novels.