一、研究背景我国是世界上干电池生产和消费的头等大国。统计资料表明,1980年我国干电池生产量就已超过美国而跃居世界第一;1998年我国干电池生产量达到140亿节,而同年世界干电池总产量约300亿节。随意丢弃干电池,不进行合理回收,实在是浪费资源。我们若以每年生产1.0×10~(10)节干电池计算,则全年要消耗1.56×10~5吨锌,2.26×10~5 First, the research background China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of dry batteries. Statistics show that in 1980 China’s dry cell production exceeded the United States and ranked first in the world; in 1998, China’s dry cell production reached 14 billion, and the world’s total output of dry cell batteries was about 30 billion in the same year. It is a waste of resources to discard dry batteries at will without reasonable recycling. If we calculate the annual production of 1.0×10~10 dry cells, we will consume 1.56×10~5 tons of zinc throughout the year, 2.26×10~5.