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目的为了解苏北农村地区艾滋病家庭内二代传播的流行病学规律,分析艾滋病家庭内二代传播的发生率、夫妻之间传播率和母婴垂直传播的发生率。方法对铜山县1998-2008年间报告的166例艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病例进行回顾性调查,选择其中的110例进行分析。结果110例因受血感染HIV的已婚者中,男性28例,女性82例;夫妻间二代病例21例,男性13例,女性8例,艾滋病家庭内夫妻二代传播发生率为19.09%。男性传给女性的发生率为28.57%,女性传给男性的发生率为15.85%,两者的差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.4,P>0.05)。29名HIV抗体阳性的育龄妇女共生育活产婴幼儿33个,有6例确认HIV阳性,母婴传播发生率为18.18%。29名中11名妇女为感染HIV后生育,活产的15名婴儿中4名HIV阳性,母婴垂直传播发生率为26.67%;有18名是产后输血感染,活产18例婴幼儿均采取母乳喂养,有2例感染HIV,单纯母乳喂养造成的垂直传播发生率为11.11%。结论苏北农村地区艾滋病家庭内二代传播发生率较高,必须建立和完善艾滋病早期发现机制,遏制艾滋病向一般人群蔓延。
Objective To understand the epidemiology of the second generation transmission in HIV / AIDS families in rural areas of northern Jiangsu, and to analyze the incidence of second generation transmission among HIV / AIDS families, the rate of transmission among couples and the incidence of mother-infant vertical transmission. Methods A retrospective survey of 166 cases of HIV / AIDS reported in Tongshan County from 1998 to 2008 was conducted and 110 of them were selected for analysis. Results Of the 110 cases of HIV-infected married women, 28 were males and 82 were females; 21 were second-generation cases of husband and wife, 13 were males and 8 were females. The incidence of second-generation transmission among couples with AIDS was 19.09% . The prevalence rate of male to female was 28.57% and that of female to male was 15.85%. There was no significant difference between them (χ2 = 2.4, P> 0.05). Thirty-three HIV-positive women of childbearing age had a total of 33 live-born infants and young children, 6 of whom were confirmed positive for HIV. The incidence of mother-to-child transmission was 18.18%. Of the 29 women, 11 of them were HIV-positive and HIV-infected. Four of the 15 live births were HIV-positive and the incidence of vertical transmission was 26.67%. Eighteen were postpartum blood transfusions and 18 were alive. Breastfeeding, there were 2 cases of HIV infection, the incidence of vertical transmission caused by breastfeeding was 11.11%. Conclusion The incidence of second-generation transmission among HIV-infected families in rural areas of northern Jiangsu Province is high. It is necessary to establish and improve the mechanism of early detection of AIDS to stop the spread of AIDS to the general population.