利用高等动物建立高脂血症模型研究脑动脉粥样硬化的实验报导较少,且现有研究选用动物年龄偏小,均未能建立较为满意的脑动脉样硬化模型,为此,我们选用成年猕猴(10～16岁)和老年猕猴(20～23岁)各6只,高脂高胆固醇饮食造型16～28个月.电镜观察大脑中动脉及其中央支超微结构的变化.透射电镜发现:1.大脑中动脉内皮水肿,质膜泡增多,间隙增宽,内膜基质增多.2.中膜平滑肌细胞异型化,间质胶原纤维增生.3.老年猴中央支也出现上述改变.结果提示,高脂血症可以导致脑动脉硬化,其病理改变与临床所见相似. The use of higher animals to establish hyperlipidemia model of cerebral atherosclerosis experimental report less, and the existing study of animals selected age, are not able to establish a satisfactory model of cerebral arteriosclerosis, for which we use adult Six males (aged from 10 to 16 years) and six aged males (from 20 to 23 years old) each had a hypercholesterolemic diet for 16 to 28 months, and the changes of the ultrastructure of the middle cerebral artery and its central branch were observed by transmission electron microscopy : 1. Middle cerebral artery endothelial edema, plasma membrane increased, the gap widened, the endometrial matrix increased 2. Mesothelium smooth muscle cell dysplasia, interstitial collagen fibrosis .3. The central branch of the elderly monkey also appeared in the above changes .Results Tip, hyperlipidemia can lead to cerebral arteriosclerosis, the pathological changes and clinical findings similar.