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20世纪以来的中国民间文学文体研究史可以大致划分为三个阶段。第一阶段是20世纪初至30年代中期,形成了进化论和古史辨两种研究范式,以前者为主导。第二阶段是30年代中期至70年代末,不同的政治背景造成了国统区、沦陷区、解放区分别以社会一民族学、俗文学和苏联文艺理论为基础进行文体研究。第三阶段是70年代末至今,在对固定分类体系的借鉴和反思中,语境研究成为新的学术取向。总体上,文体由分类、分析和文学的静态概念,转向了交流、实践和社会生活的动态概念;由文学—语言学的研究范式,转向了民族志的研究范式。
The history of Chinese folklore since the 20th century can be roughly divided into three stages. The first stage is from the early twentieth century to the mid-30s, formed two kinds of research paradigm of evolution and ancient history discrimination, the former is the dominant. The second stage was from the mid-30s to the late 1970s. Different political backgrounds led to the study of style by the Nationalist, Soviet occupied and Jiefang Districts on the basis of social-ethnology, popular literature and Soviet literary theory respectively. The third stage is from the late 1970s to the present. In the reference and reflection of the fixed classification system, context research has become a new academic orientation. In general, stylistics has shifted from the static concepts of classification, analysis and literature to the dynamic concepts of communication, practice and social life; from the research paradigm of literature-linguistics to the research paradigm of ethnography.