一、引言: 微波器件在通信、雷达、航天、测量等各个领域中有着广泛的应用。这些系统都要求有较高的稳定性。而目前研制的许多系统均达不到这一实用化的要求,其中一个原因是微波器件的性能受温度影响而变化。例如,固态振荡器温度变化时频率、功率都有变化,当温度降到某一个值时,就不能振荡。现在许多系统工作环境是很恶劣的,环境温度变化很大,一般要 First, the introduction: Microwave devices in communications, radar, aerospace, surveying and other fields have a wide range of applications. These systems require higher stability. However, many systems developed at present fail to meet this practical requirement. One of the reasons is that the performance of the microwave device varies with the temperature. For example, when the temperature of the solid oscillator changes, the frequency and power all change. When the temperature drops to a certain value, it can not oscillate. Many systems nowadays are very harsh working environments, and the ambient temperature varies a lot, generally