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利奈唑胺为恶唑烷酮类抗生素,对各类革兰阳性菌具有高度抗菌活性。常见的利奈唑胺严重不良反应为血液系统毒性反应,多为贫血和血小板减少,其可能的发生机制为骨髓抑制和免疫介导。利奈唑胺致血液系统毒性反应的危险因素包括高龄、治疗时间长、血细胞基线值低、肝肾功能减退等。防治措施:严格掌握用药适应证;避免长时间应用;避免与骨髓抑制药物联用;高龄、重度肝肾衰竭的患者应行药物浓度监测;用药期间应监测血常规;出现血细胞减少应立即停药,严重者可输血。
Linezolid is oxazolidinone antibiotics, a variety of Gram-positive bacteria with high antibacterial activity. Linezolid common side effects of serious adverse reactions of hematological toxicity, mostly anemia and thrombocytopenia, its possible mechanism for myelosuppression and immune-mediated. Linezolid risk factors of hematological toxicity include advanced age, long treatment time, low blood cell baseline, liver and kidney dysfunction. Prevention and treatment measures: strictly controlled indications; to avoid prolonged use; avoid with myelosuppressive drugs; elderly, severe liver and kidney failure in patients with drug concentration monitoring; medication should be monitored during the blood; cytopenia should be immediately stopped Severe transfusion.